Compare a full-service gross commercial lease with a triple net (NNN) lease using rent per square foot, CAM, taxes, insurance, utilities, escalations, free rent, and present value.

Commercial lease assumptions

Enter every rent quote in dollars per square foot per year. Add pass-throughs and tenant-paid costs from the lease proposal.

Space and term

Unit: RSF.

Use rentable square feet from the proposal, including the quoted load factor.

Unit: years.
Value in percent.

Used to compare the present value of payments made in different years.

Full-service gross lease

Amount in US dollars. Unit: /SF/year.
Value in percent.
Amount in US dollars. Unit: /SF/year.

Use for base-year stops, separately metered services, or other operating expenses billed to the tenant.

Value in percent.
Amount in US dollars.
Unit: months.
Amount in US dollars.

Include deposit, moving, legal, and buildout after landlord allowances when relevant.

Triple net (NNN) lease

Amount in US dollars. Unit: /SF/year.
Value in percent.
Amount in US dollars. Unit: /SF/year.
Amount in US dollars. Unit: /SF/year.
Amount in US dollars. Unit: /SF/year.
Value in percent.
Amount in US dollars.
Amount in US dollars.

Use for repair duties that are not included in CAM or landlord work.

Unit: months.
Amount in US dollars.

Lease cost comparison

Present value accounts for when each payment occurs; nominal cost shows the dollars expected to be paid.

Lower present-value occupancy cost

Full-service gross: $804,380

Modeled present-value advantage: $19,517 over 5 years. This is a cost comparison, not legal interpretation of either lease.

Gross average monthly cost

$16,877

$40.51 effective cost per RSF per year.

NNN average monthly cost

$17,266

$41.44 effective cost per RSF per year.

Break-even year-one NNN base rent

$26.04/SF

Starting NNN base rent that matches entered year-one gross cost after NNN extras and concessions.

Term cost summary

Lease structureNominal term costPresent valueAverage monthlyEffective $/SF/year
Full-service gross$1,012,644$804,380$16,877$40.51
Triple net (NNN)$1,035,951$823,898$17,266$41.44

Year-by-year occupancy cost

YearGross base rentGross pass-throughsGross totalNNN base rentCAM + tax + insuranceNNN total
1$180,000$0$164,400$120,000$58,500$175,900
2$185,400$0$199,800$123,600$60,840$201,840
3$190,962$0$205,362$127,308$63,274$207,982
4$196,691$0$211,091$131,127$65,805$214,332
5$202,592$0$216,992$135,061$68,437$220,898

How this calculator works

Annual base rent equals rentable square feet times the quoted annual rate, grown by the entered escalation. Free rent reduces first-year base rent only. Utilities, pass-throughs, NNN expenses, repair reserves, and upfront tenant costs remain unless your proposal expressly abates them.

Full-service gross cost adds stated pass-throughs and tenant utilities to gross base rent. NNN cost adds CAM, property taxes, building insurance, utilities, and the repair reserve to NNN base rent. Present value discounts each future annual cost at the entered rate.

Commercial occupancy-cost guide

Turn gross and NNN proposals into comparable occupancy costs

A lower NNN base-rent quote can cost more after common-area maintenance, property taxes, insurance, utilities, and repair obligations. A full-service gross quote can also include expense stops, separately metered services, and exclusions.

Enter amounts from each proposal and lease abstract using the same rentable area and term. The year-by-year table shows which escalators drive the difference.

How to use this tool

  1. Confirm rentable square feet

    Use RSF rather than usable square feet and verify the building load factor.

  2. Normalize the quote units

    Convert every rent and operating-expense quote to dollars per square foot per year.

  3. List tenant-paid items

    Add utilities, CAM, taxes, insurance, repair duties, and gross-lease expense stops.

  4. Match concessions and upfront work

    Enter free base-rent months and tenant costs after improvement allowances.

Full-service gross does not always mean fixed

A gross lease may include an operating-expense base year or expense stop. When costs rise above that base, the tenant can owe a pass-through. Enter the estimated first-year charge and escalation instead of assuming zero.

NNN items to verify in the lease

  • CAM definitions, exclusions, caps, and reconciliation rights
  • Property-tax reassessments and insurance allocations
  • Roof, structure, HVAC, parking, and capital-repair duties
  • Administrative fees, gross-up clauses, and vacancy treatment

Commercial lease labels are not standardized, and actual responsibility comes from the lease. Ask a qualified commercial real-estate attorney and financial adviser to review expense definitions, caps, reconciliations, repair duties, assignment, renewal, and exit terms.

Frequently asked questions

What does $24/SF NNN mean?

It usually means $24 per rentable square foot per year for base rent, with CAM, property taxes, and building insurance charged separately. Confirm the quote convention in writing.

Does free rent eliminate NNN charges?

Often it abates base rent while operating expenses and utilities remain due. This calculator follows that conservative structure; adjust the proposal inputs if your concession is broader.

Why use present value?

Rent escalations push more cost into later years. Discounting future payments lets two schedules with different timing be compared in today’s dollars.

Built for transparent, user-controlled estimates

Methodology reviewed July 2026. Inputs stay in your browser; results change only when you change an assumption.

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